GAG 研究:TOWNSEND LETTER 美國醫學期刊 (5) 抗發炎研究

這一頁主要匯集青邊貽貝的一些臨床研究或是論文報告,有這對青邊貽貝各個成分的實驗與觀察重點,可以做為參考。


青邊貽貝的抗炎作用研究

Cullen 及其同事於1975年首次發表了關於青邊貽貝抗炎特性的報告。
1980年 Ramsford 和Whitehouse 發表的一篇文章發表在 Arzeim-Forsch 雜誌上,標題為「青邊貽貝對胃的保護和抗發炎特性 」,以實驗鼠誘導的關節炎模型中報告了青邊貽貝適度的抗炎活性。該實驗還顯示由幾種 NSAIDs 藥物引起的胃毒性可以藉由青邊貽貝而減少。

Research on the Anti- inflammatory Effect of Perna canaliculus
Cullen and co-workers first published a report on the anti- inflammatory properties of the Perna mussel in 1975. In 1980, an article by Ramsford and Whitehouse published in the Journal of Arzeim-Forsch entitled "Gastroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Green- Lipped Mussel (Perna Canaliculus) Preparation," reported modest anti- inflammatory activity in an induced arthritis model in rats. The product also showed reduced gastric ulerogenicity caused by several NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).


Miller 等人在“New Zealand Medical Journal 紐西蘭醫學雜誌”上發表了三篇文章。 (1980,1991和1984)報導,青邊貽貝的抗發炎活性與青邊貽貝蛋白質組成有關。Miller 和 Dodd 在 Expert Actions(1993)上發表的一篇名為「從紐西蘭青邊貽貝(NZ Green-Lipped Mussel)中提取多醣(giycogen)的抗炎活性」的文章,報導了一種含有高分子量物質的水性部分可能是一種多醣,當透過注射後,抑制大鼠中實驗誘導的炎症。這表明抗炎活性存在於多醣部分中。

Three articles published in the New Zealand Medical Journal by Miller et al. (1980, 1991, and 1984) reported that the anti-inflammatory activity of the Perna mussel in rata was associated with a protein fraction. An article entitled "Anti inflammatory activity of giycogen extracted from Perna Canaliculus (NZ Green-Lipped Mussel)" by Miller and Dodd published in Agents Actions (1993), reported that an aqueous fraction containing a high molecular weight material, possibly a polysaccharide (glycogen), inhibited experimentally-induced inflammation in rats when administered by injection. This suggests that the anti- inflammatory activity resided with the glycogen fraction.

通過提取從青邊貽貝中分離的脂質部分也顯示出抗炎特性。懷特豪斯 Whitehouse 等人在 Inflamo-pharmacology(1997)上發表的標題為「來自青邊貽貝 NZ Green-Lipped Mussel 的脂質部分的抗炎活性」的文章,報導了青邊貽貝脂質提取物的抗炎活性。運用實驗鼠誘導多發性關節炎的模型,以青邊貽貝分離不飽和脂肪酸並透過注射後,抑制關節發炎的狀況。

A lipid fraction isolated from Perna canaliculus by extraction has also shown anti-inflammatory properties. An article published in Inflamo- pharmacology (1997) by Whitehouse et al, entitled "Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Lipid Fraction from the NZ Green- Lipped Mussel," reported dose correlated anti-inflammatory activity from a lipid extract of the mussel given to rats with adjuvant induced polyarthritis. The anti-inflammatory response was linked to certain polyunsaturated fatty acids that were isolated from the New Zealand green- lipped mussel.

Kosuge等(1986)成功地從青邊貽貝中分離出一種叫做溶血卵磷脂(Lysolecithin )的抗組胺化合物(anti-histaminic compound )。發現溶血卵磷脂在大鼠的誘導關節炎模型中具有抗炎活性。在另一項研究中,青邊貽貝也被證明可以減少前列腺素合成,這是炎症過程中的另一個主要因素。

這些報告似乎表明青邊貽貝中存在多種抗炎劑,包括糖原結構、糖胺聚醣(GAG)和某些脂質成分。總合來說,這可能表明整顆青邊貽貝提取可以促進更好的抗炎作用,比使用僅有單種活性因子的其他提取物更佳。

Kosuge et al, (1986) successfully isolated an anti-histaminic compound called Lysolecithin from green-lipped mussel. Lysolecithin was found to have anti-inflammatory activity in an induced arthritic model in rats. In another study, Perna was also shown to decrease prostaglandin synthesis, another major factor in the inflammation process.

These reports seem to indicate that there are multiple anti-inflammatory agents present in Perna which include glycogen structures, glycosamino-glycans (GAGs) and certain lipid fraction.Overall, this may indicate that the whole mussel organism can contribute to a better anti-inflammatory response than by using a fractionated extract that would contain only one of the active factors.


註:青邊貽貝提取物

紐西蘭特有種青邊貽貝,提取出的成分中以 GAG 醣胺聚醣最為矚目,因為一般的葡萄糖胺(Glucosamine)經過食用後大約6~8週才能轉換成 GAG,成為關節可用的營養,但是青邊貽貝提取物穩定存在豐富的 GAG可直接被關節使用,當然青邊貽貝提取物中含有與人體相似的天然礦物質與其他成分也有助於關節炎的整體改善。

圖片來源 My Swiss Life

青邊貽貝在生長曲線的高峰期(大約18個月)收成,以急速冷凍乾燥的方式加工成細粉,這種方式不會破壞營養與活性,因此完整保存蛋白質、複合碳水化合物、脂質、天然礦物質、氨基酸和粘多醣(GAG 醣胺聚醣),為身體尤其是關節提供營養。符合潔淨海域、保存完整營養的青邊貽貝提取物,就會有「ORIGINAL PERNA EXTRAKT」的驗證標章。
圖片來源 My Swiss Life